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--- toh:tp-link:tl-wdr4900 [2013/02/06 04:14]
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+======TP-Link TL-WDR4900 (N900)======
+{{:media:tplink:tl-wdr4900:wdr4900v1.jpg?323|TP-Link TL-WDR4900 V1.X}}
+{{:media:tplink:tl-wdr4900:tl-wdr4900.jpg?400|TP-Link TL-WDR4900 V2.x}}
+Dual Band (concurrent) and Gigabit Ethernet. Advertised as 900 Mbps it has simultaneous Triple-Stream (3x3) radios on both 2.4GHz and 5 GHz Bands.
+**<color red>There are two very different revisions</color>**
+  * V1.x: target: ''mpcC85xx'' 800Mhz Freescale PPC P1014 CPU 3 internal antennas (2.4Ghz) and 3 external antennas (5Ghz), available world-wide
+  * V2.x: target: ''ar71xx'' 720Mhz Qualcomm/Atheros SoC and 6 external antennas, available in PRC only
+Manufacturer's website:
+  * [[http://www.tp-link.com/en/products/details/?model=TL-WDR4900]] (V1.x)
+  * [[http://www.tp-link.com.cn/product_double_292.html]] (V2.x)
+  * Price: AliExpress - [[http://www.aliexpress.com/item/-/997429375.html|about 100 USD]]
+  * Forum https://forum.openwrt.org/viewtopic.php?id=42062
+As of May 2014, TP-Link appear to be discontinuing the TL-WDR4900 in Great Britain.
+===== Supported Versions =====
+^ Version/Model ^ S/N ^ Release Date ^ OpenWrt Version Supported ^ Model Specific Notes ^
+| v1.0 world-wide | - | 2013-01-22 | Barrier Breaker 14.07 | Freescale PPC w/2 Atheros radio chips 3 internal antennas (2.4Ghz) and 3 external antennas (5Ghz) |
+| v1.3 world-wide | - | 2013 | Barrier Breaker 14.07 or later |  |
+| v2.0 PRC only   | - | 2013-01-22 | Chaos Calmer 15.05.1 | 6 external antennas, available in PRC only. |
+===== Hardware =====
+==== Info ====
+^  ^ Version 1.x ^ Versions 2.x ^
+| **[[wp>Instruction set|Instruction set]]:**  |  [[wp>PowerPC]]  |  [[wp>MIPS architecture|MIPS]]  |
+| **Vendor:**                                  | [[wp>Freescale Semiconductor]]        | [[wp>Qualcomm Atheros]]  |
+| **TP-Link prod.page:**                       |   |[[http://www.tp-link.com/en/products/details/cat-9_TL-WDR4900.html|N900]]|
+| **[[doc:techref:Bootloader]]:**              | [[doc:techref:bootloader:uboot|U-Boot]] 2010.12-svn15934 for PowerPC  | [[doc:techref:bootloader:uboot|U-Boot]] ? fork of mainline U-Boot version 1.1.4 (2005-12-17) for MIPS ? |
+| **[[doc:hardware:soc|System-On-Chip]]:**     | [[wp>PowerQUICC#PowerQUICC_III|Freescale MPC85xx]]      | QCA9558-AT4A  |
+| **[[doc:hardware:cpu|CPU]]/Speed**           | PPC P1014@800MHz | MIPS 74Kc Vers. 5.0 720 MHz  |
+| **Flash-Chip:**                              | [[http://www.spansion.com/Support/Datasheets/S25FL128S_256S_00.pdf|S25FL128S]] | Winbond [[http://www.nexflash.com/NR/rdonlyres/05A6F2FD-83D2-4748-8394-65909AC2A8E3/0/W25Q64FV.pdf|W25Q64FVSIG]] |
+| **Flash size:**                              | 16384 KiB  | 8192 KiB  |
+| **RAM-Chip:**                                | [[http://www.skhynix.com/inc/pdfDownload.jsp?path=/datasheet/pdf/graphics/H5TQ1G63DFR(Rev1.1).pdf|H5TQ1G63DFR]] | [[http://www.skhynix.com/products/consumer/view.jsp?info.ramKind=03&info.serialNo=H5PS5162GFR|H5PS5162GFR]] |
+| **RAM size:**                                | 128 MiB | 128 MiB   |
+| **Wireless1:**                               | Chip: AR9381-AL1A w/ 3x3 MIMO for 2.4GHz  | SoC: QCA9558-AT4A w/ 3x3 MIMO for 2.4Ghz           |
+| **Wireless2:**                               | Chip: AR9580-AR1A w/ 3x3 MIMO for 5Ghz    | Chip: AR9580-AR1A w/ 3x3 MIMO for 5Ghz |
+| **[[doc:techref:swconfig|Switch]]:**         | AR8327N-AL1A                              | AR8327N-BL1A  |
+| **USB:**                                     | 2 (USB 2.0)    | 2 (USB 2.0) |
+| **[[doc:hardware:port.serial|Serial]]:**     | [[#Serial|Yes]] | [[#Serial|Yes]] |
+| **[[doc:hardware:port.jtag|JTAG]]:**         | Yes  | [[#JTAG|Yes]] |
+| **Antennas]:**         | 3 external, 3 internal(2.4GHz)  | 6 external|
+==== Photos ====
+=== Version 1.x ===
+{{:media:tplink:tl-wdr4900:v1serial.jpg?400|TL-WDR4900v1 serial}}
+{{:media:tplink:tl-wdr4900:v1bottom.jpg?400|TL-WDR4900v1 bottom}}
+=== Version 2.0 ===
+{{:media:tplink:tl-wdr4900:v2serial.jpg?400|TL-WDR4900v2 serial}}
+===== Serial console =====
+Serial console is available on the JP2 (v1.x) or J1 (v2.0) connector - see PCB photos above.
+**DO NOT CONNECT VCC**. Use only TX/RX/GND.
+Baud Rate: 115200\\
+Data Bits: 8\\
+Parity: No\\
+Stop Bits: 1\\
+Factory firmware login credentials: //(v1.x only)//\\
+ * username: root\\
+ * password: 5up
+''Note:'' be extremely careful when soldering a serial console on TP-Link TL-WDR4900 - the design of the PCB is not well suited for soldering and important paths/connections are near the soldering points. We have now 3 Routers which are dead, just because we used too much solder...
+===== Installation =====
+An OpenWRT factory image may be installed via the OEM firmware on both versions. See the [[doc/howto/generic.flashing#method_1via_oem_firmware|generic installation guide]] for further information. [[http://downloads.openwrt.org/|Download]] the latest stable release of the following firmware images:
+  * TL-WDR4900 v1.x: **mpc85xx/generic/openwrt-mpc85xx-generic-tl-wdr4900-v1-squashfs-factory.bin**
+  * TL-WDR4900 v2.x: **ar71xx/generic/openwrt-ar71xx-generic-tl-wdr4900-v2-squashfs-factory.bin**
+If you do not speak Chinese and are not familiar with the standard TP-Link firmware, please see the screen shots below for help.
+After installation you will want to proceed with [[:doc:howto:firstlogin|first login]], [[:doc:howto:basic.config|basic configuration]]. You may also wish to install the web user interface [[:doc:howto:luci.essentials|LuCI]], after which you can manage your router at http://192.168.1.1
+==== Helpful screen shots for installing from Chinese stock firmware ====
+{{media:tplink:stock-fw-upgrade-step1.jpg?500|Upgrading from Stock Firmware - Step 1}}
+{{media:tplink:stock-fw-upgrade-step2.jpg?250|Upgrading from Stock Firmware - Step 2}}
+===== De-brick or OEM installation =====
+==== Using TFTP + Serial method ====
+=== Pre-requisites ===
+  * a serial connection (e.g. TTL, RS232) from your machine to the router.
+  * a terminal program (e.g. minicom, screen) set for 115200 Baud, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, no flow control.
+    * It is **strongly recommended** not to connect the 3.3V (or any) voltage line - use the router's own power supply instead.
+  * a __factory__ OpenWrt firmware image into your TFTP server folder (see [[#installation|Installation]] above)
+  * a wired ethernet connection from your computer to one of the router's LAN ports.
+    * IP address on this connection should be statically set to 192.168.1.x/24.
+  * a TFTP server started on your local machine
+    * must be listening on the same link/IP address as the wired ethernet connection to the router
+    * v1.x models prefer the server address 192.168.0.66, v2.0 prefers 192.168.1.100
+=== v1.x Flash Write Procedure ===
+**<color red>This section applies to v1.x only!</color>** ([[#v2.0.flash.write.procedure|version 2.0 method]])
+  - Router should be unplugged (power off), your serial line connected, terminal open and TFTP server installed not yet running.
+  - Copy your desired openwrt image for the TPlink-WDR4900 into your TFTP server folder and rename it into ''openwrt.bin'' (to save some typing within the flash procedure).
+  - First goal is to get the command prompt from the U-Boot bootloader on your router.
+  - Plug in your router and be ready to type "''vl''" just after you see the line ''Autobooting in 1 seconds'' (Spamming "''vl''" around this point helps):
+<code>
+U-Boot 2010.12-svn15934 (Dec 11 2012 - 16:23:49)
+CPU:   P1014, Version: 1.0, (0x80f10110)
+Core:  E500, Version: 5.1, (0x80212151)
+Clock Configuration:
+       CPU0:800  MHz,
+       CCB:400  MHz,
+       DDR:333.333 MHz (666.667 MT/s data rate) (Asynchronous), IFC:100  MHz
+L1:    D-cache 32 kB enabled
+       I-cache 32 kB enabled
+Board: P1014RDB
+SPI:   ready
+DRAM:  128 MiB
+L2:    256 KB enabled
+Using default environment
+PCIe1: Root Complex of mini PCIe Slot, x1, regs @ 0xffe0a000
+:00.0     - 168c:abcd - Network controller
+PCIe1: Bus 00 - 01
+PCIe2: Root Complex of PCIe Slot, x1, regs @ 0xffe09000
+:00.0     - 168c:0033 - Network controller
+PCIe2: Bus 02 - 03
+In:    serial
+Out:   serial
+Err:   serial
+Net:   initialization for Atheros AR8327/AR8328
+AR8327/AR8328 v1.1 is found!
+eTSEC1
+Autobooting in 1 seconds
+</code>
+In case you failed the right timing just reboot again until the prompt appears
+<code>=></code>
+  - (//optional//) Now lets check what kind of parameters the u-boot loader expects (e.g file name of firmware, IP via TFTP & load address).
+  Type ''tftpboot'' & press ENTER …
+<code>
+=> tftpboot
+Check for phy link status
+Speed: 1000, full duplex
+Using eTSEC1 device
+TFTP from server 192.168.0.104; our IP address is 192.168.0.136
+Filename 'uImage'.
+Load address: 0x1000000
+Loading: T T T T T T T T T T
+Retry count exceeded; starting again
+</code>
+  - As you can see, uboot expects a firmware image file name "''uImage''" at TFTP server address ''192.168.0.104'',
+  then, just change you local ip into ''192.168.0.104'' and start your TFTP server.
+  - Start the uBoot's TFTP client to download the image from your local machine by typing: ''tftpboot 0x1000000 openwrt.bin'' + ENTER
+<code>
+=> tftpboot 0x1000000 openwrt.bin
+Check for phy link status
+Speed: 1000, full duplex
+Using eTSEC1 device
+TFTP from server 192.168.0.104; our IP address is 192.168.0.136
+Filename 'openwrt.bin'.
+Load address: 0x1000000
+Loading: #################################################################
+         #################################################################
+         #################################################################
+         #################################################################
+         #################################################################
+         #################################################################
+         #################################################################
+         #################################################################
+         #################################################################
+         #################################################################
+         #################################################################
+         #################################################################
+         #################################################################
+         #################################################################
+         #################################################################
+         #################################################################
+         #################################################################
+         ###
+done
+Bytes transferred = 16252928 (f80000 hex)
+</code>
+  - The last line needs to show a size of f80000 hex, otherwise your image is unsuitable.
+  - To select the SPI flash memory type: sf probe 0
+<code>
+=> sf probe 0
+SF: Detected S25FL128S_65k with page size 256, total 16 MiB
+KiB S25FL128S_64K at 0:0 is now current device
+</code>
+  - Now we need to erase parts of the flash memory to be able to copy your fresh loaded firmware into it,
+    just type in the prompt ''sf erase 0x60000 0xf80000'':
+<code>
+=> sf erase 0x60000 0xf80000
+SPI flash erase successful
+</code>
+  - Now just copy the image to the right place by typing ''sf write 0x1000000 0x60000 0xf80000''
+<code>
+=> sf write 0x1000000 0x60000 0xf80000
+SPI flash write successful
+</code>
+  - So, in case your image is the correct one, you should do just a single reboot to have a working TL-WRD4900 back on your desk.
+    Type ''reset'' or just un-plug and re-plug the power of your router and watch the boot process.
+<code>
+=> reset
+</code>
+=== v2.0 Flash Write Procedure ===
+**<color red>This section applies to v2.0 only!</color>** ([[#v1.x.flash.write.procedure|version 1.x method]])
+  - Be sure the router is powered off (there's a handy power switch beside the power line).
+  - Connect your serial and ethernet cables to your computer.
+  - Open your terminal for the serial connection.
+  - Power on the router
+  - When you see ''Autobooting in 1 seconds'', quickly type "''tpl''" to access the command line.
+    * there is no harm at all typing "''tpl''" repeatedly from the moment you power on, I often start when I see the U-Boot bootloader header. ;-)
+  - Start the TFTP server running on your computer.
+  - At the ''ap135>'' prompt, type the following commands:
+    - ''tftpboot 0x81000000 openwrt.bin'' (where openwrt.bin is the name of your firmware image)
+    - ''erase 0x9f020000 +0x7c0000''
+    - ''cp.b 0x81000000 0x9f020000 0x7c0000''
+    - ''bootm 0x9f020000''
+  - Congratulations!
+==== Reset Button Method (no serial cable needed) ====
+If you want to de-brick/upgrade your router using TFTP without a serial cable follow these steps:
+=== Pre-requisites ===
+  * Copy a working & full OpenWrt sysupgrade image into your TFTP server folder (e.g: https://downloads.openwrt.org/barrier_breaker/14.07/mpc85xx/generic/openwrt-mpc85xx-generic-tl-wdr4900-v1-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin) so it will be found under the path /wdr4900v1_tp_recovery.bin You can also use the image used for reverting to stock firmware if you prefer to do so, but it has to be placed under the same path.
+  * A TFTP server started on your local machine on LAN address 192.168.0.66/24.
+  * Connect your LAN-port to one of the routers LAN
+=== Procedure ===
+  - Router should be unplugged (power off) and TFTP server installed not yet running.
+  - Copy your desired openwrt image for the TPlink-WDR4900 into your TFTP server folder and rename it into ''wdr4900v1_tp_recovery.bin'' (as the router will search for this file).
+  - Make sure your card has address 192.168.0.66.
+  - Start the tftp server and make sure it is listening on 192.168.0.66
+  - Plug in your router and keep the WPS/Reset button pressed until the tftp server confirms the transfer is done
+  - Wait for the router to reboot, the new image will then be loaded
+  - A pack ready for doing this, containing TFTPD32 server and the latest TP-Link firmware, can be found here: https://forum.openwrt.org/viewtopic.php?pid=236428#p236428
+  - Also there's a video of the process: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=54PAS0gvW2k
+===== Failsafe / reset =====
+On the v1 units, the only way that I have been able to get the router into failsafe mode is to quickly and repeatedly press the WPS/Reset button //starting before the front panel "star" LED started flashing. //When that LED finally lit, it appeared to go directly into the rapid-flashing "failsafe" indication. If the WPS LED lights (rightmost, "yin-yang arrows"), it may be that you started clicking the button a little early in the boot sequence.
+For what you can do in failsafe, go to the [[doc:howto:generic.failsafe|OpenWrt Failsafe Mode]] page.
+Another user writes:
+> After all else failed, I found [[http://www.binaryfriend.ru/2012/10/how-to-hard-reset-openwrt-on-tp-link-1043nd]].  Extremely simple.  Please see the original page for more info.  Summary:
+>
+>  - Power the router up;
+>  - After powering up track the SYS light when it starts to blink, when it does press and hold the QSS button till SYS lights starts to blink faster – router goes to recovery mode;
+>  - Telnet to the router on 192.168.1.1 – no password needed (if your computer doesn’t gets IP address from DHCP assign it manually for i.e. 192.168.1.200 with netmask of 255.255.255.0);
+>  - In telnet terminal type `mtd -r erase rootfs_data` to reset OpenWRT to it’s defaults.
+===== Reverting to stock firmware =====
+You can revert to stock firmware by following these steps:
+  * Download / copy with SCP this firmware to the /tmp folder of the router: [[https://www.dropbox.com/sh/g8dyafqrato12pc/AADtSjx_MVot7asdqeRtvVVza?dl=0]]
+  * Optionally check MD5 hash: 1148EFD09C6D9B07E6A01259A4EBEF72
+  * Rename to firmware.bin (less chance for spelling errors and unsupported characters)
+  * Open a SSH session to the router, cd to /tmp
+  * Execute the following command: mtd -r write firmware.bin firmware
+  * Wait until the router reboots
+Note: You can only flash this firmware version because it has no BOOT in the filename. This image and OpenWRT images are the exact same size. Other images from TP-Link do have BOOT in the filename and these files are also
+more bytes than this one, then to create your own flashable image, follow the below method:
+In order to create your own bootable file download firmware from TP-Link and execute the following command (change the if= filename in case you downloaded a different version):
+  * dd if=wdr4900nv1_en_3_14_3_up_boot\(130320\).bin of=wdr4900nv1.bin skip=769 bs=512
+You can then transfer the resulting file and flash this using the mtd method described elsewhere in this document.
+  * mtd write wdr4900nv1.bin firmware
+===== Specific Configuration =====
+==== VLAN ====
+Using the same switch port for both tagged and untagged traffic works on this router (used for instance in IP-TV). Previous versions of OpenWRT required a patch for the switch driver (see the [[https://dev.openwrt.org/ticket/12181#comment:73|related ticket]]). In 15.05 this is no longer needed; VLAN works out of the box.
+==== Switch Ports (v1.x) ====
+Numbers 2-5 are Ethernet Ports 1-4 as labeled on the unit, number 1 is "Internet" (WAN) on the unit, 0 is the internal connection to the router itself.
+^ Port           ^ Switch port   ^
+| CPU            | 0             |
+| WAN            | 1             |
+| LAN 1          | 2             |
+| LAN 2          | 3             |
+| LAN 3          | 4             |
+| LAN 4          | 5             |
+| (not used ?)   | 6             |
+==== Switch Ports (v2.x) ====
+Numbers 2-5 are Ethernet Ports 1-4 as labeled on the unit, number 1 is "Internet" (WAN) on the unit, 6 is the internal connection to the router itself, and 0 is another CPU, because this router has two.
+^ Port         ^ Switch port   ^
+| Second CPU   | 0             |
+| WAN          | 1             |
+| LAN 1        | 2             |
+| LAN 2        | 3             |
+| LAN 3        | 4             |
+| LAN 4        | 5             |
+| CPU          | 6             |
+=== Example ===
+Screen shot of LuCI running on WDR4900 v2 (Example VLAN tagging for Movistar FTTH Spain).
+{{media:tplink:tl-wdr4900:tl-wdr4900-v2_switch_vlan_tagg.jpg?500}}
+==== Port Mirroring ====
+Hardware port mirroring is supported in v1/(v2?) FIXME
+Here's an example of configuring port mirroring in /etc/config/network for mirroring port 1 to port 5
+(You may need to restart the router for port mirroring changes to take effect):
+<code>
+config switch
+	option name 'switch0'
+	option reset '1'
+	option enable_vlan '1'
+	option enable_mirror_rx '1'
+	option enable_mirror_tx '1'
+	option mirror_source_port '1'
+	option mirror_monitor_port '5'
+</code>
+===== QEMU test environment =====
+In case you are interested to run a virtual test environment for your PPC based WDR4900 platform
+QEMU is a good helper. It cannot run the downloadable kernel image but at least a slightly modfied
+version. Here are the basic steps to get a initial setup up and runnung.
+Install QEMU for your Linux distribution. It should be at least 2.1.2. The process was only tested
+with that version. Create a [[about:toolchain|buildroot environment]]. If you do not want to read
+every single bit of information over there use these commands. We assume that we only want to
+build the stable Barrier Breaker version.
+<code>
+# cd ~
+# mkdir buildroot
+# cd buildroot
+# git clone git://git.openwrt.org/14.07/openwrt.git
+# cd openwrt
+# ./scripts/feeds update -a
+# ./scripts/feeds install -a
+</code>
+Select your target platform
+<code>
+# make menuconfig
+Target System -> Freescale MPC85xx [*]
+</code>
+Save changes and leave setup. Create the default configuration for the platform
+<code>
+# make defconfig
+</code>
+Activate some essential buildroot configuration options.
+<code>
+# make menuconfig
+Target images -> ramdisk [*]
+Kernel modules -> filesystems -> kmod-fs-ext4 [*]
+</code>
+Save changes and leave setup. Now head over to kernel configuration and define critical
+settings that the kernel can run inside QEMU.
+<code>
+# make kernel_menuconfig
+Platform support -> Freescale machine type -> qemu generic platform [*]
+device drivers -> character devices -> serial drivers -> serial port on open plaform bus [ ]
+</code>
+If you miss one of the two your VM will not boot or have no accessible console.
+**Have a look the open firmware serial bus must be disabled!**. Additionally we
+should enable drivers to access QEMU disks and network cards
+<code>
+device drivers -> virtio drivers -> activate all menu items [*]
+device drivers -> block devices -> Virtio block driver [*]
+device drivers -> network device support -> virtio network driver [*]
+</code>
+Create the kernel image with
+<code>
+make -j 8
+</code>
+Finally we have a standalone kernel image with an initial root ramdisk included.
+So we could already start the VM. To get into better shape create a separate folder
+to hold the image and create a QCOW2 disk with a single ext4 filesystem that can
+be mounted inside the VM.
+<code>
+# cd ~
+# mkdir vm
+# cd vm
+# cp ~/buildroot/openwrt/bin/mpc85xx/openwrt-mpc85xx-generic-zImage .
+# qemu-img create -f qcow2 hdd.qcow2 4G
+# su
+# modprobe nbd max_part=8
+# qemu-nbd --connect=/dev/nbd0 ./hdd.qcow2
+# fdisk /dev/nbd0 (... create partition ...)
+# mkfs.ext4 /dev/nbd0p1
+# qemu-nbd --disconnect /dev/nbd0
+# exit
+</code>
+This is what our VM folder should look like now:
+<code>
+ls -al ~/vm
+drwx------. 7 e500 e500      4096 24. Dez 10:02 .
+drwxr-xr-x. 6 e500 e500      4096 18. Dez 20:31 ..
+-rw-r--r--. 1 e500 e500 136839168 24. Dez 10:03 hdd.qcow2
+-rw-r--r--. 1 e500 e500   4360017 24. Dez 09:46 openwrt-mpc85xx-generic-zImage
+</code>
+Now the VM is ready to start.
+<code>
+qemu-system-ppc -kernel ~/vm/openwrt-mpc85xx-generic-zImage \
+                -nographic -append "console=ttyS0" -m 1024 -M ppce500 \
+                -drive file=~/vm/hdd.qcow2,if=virtio
+</code>
+===== Other Information Resources =====
+  * [[https://forum.openwrt.org/viewtopic.php?id=42062&p=22|OpenWRT Forum Thread "Developing Support for TPLINK WDR4900"]]
+  * [[https://wikidevi.com/wiki/TP-LINK_TL-WDR4900_v1|Hardware Information at wikidevi (v1 International version)]]
+  * [[https://wikidevi.com/wiki/TP-LINK_TL-WDR4900_v2|Hardware Information at wikidevi (v2 PRC-only version)]]
+  * [[https://forum.openwrt.org/viewtopic.php?pid=225381#p225381|TPLINK WDR4900 v1 flash layout, full backup of the stock firmware and restoring]]
+{{tag>GigabitEthernet internalantenna 2usb 3x3 450mbps usb2.0 5ghz 5port 16flash 802.11abgn ath9k detachableantenna 6ant 3ant 128ram 802.11abgn_simultan 2WNIC, soc.freescale.mpc}}

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